How to model dividend income and portfolio growth together
This model combines contributions, dividend income, reinvestment, dividend growth, and price growth so you can see how changing one assumption alters both the portfolio value and the income stream.
Core calculation
future portfolio = contributions + modeled price growth + reinvested distributions
Inputs that matter
- Starting capital and annual contributions determine how much money is put to work.
- Starting dividend yield determines the initial modeled income rate.
- Dividend growth changes the modeled income paid per unit of ownership.
- Price growth changes the modeled value of the portfolio and the price at which future contributions or reinvestments acquire exposure.
- Time horizon controls the number of periods over which the assumptions compound.
How to interpret the result
- Compare a conservative, base, and optimistic assumption set rather than relying on one scenario.
- High price growth can increase portfolio value while making new reinvestments purchase fewer shares at the modeled price.
- Dividend growth and total return are related but not interchangeable; a portfolio can have strong price appreciation with low income or high income with weaker capital growth.
Worked example
A useful sensitivity test is to keep contributions constant while reducing the assumed dividend-growth rate and price-growth rate. The difference between the outputs shows how much of the original result depended on optimistic compounding assumptions.
Important limitations
- Real returns are volatile and sequence of returns matters.
- The model does not reproduce actual day-by-day security prices or distributions unless explicitly stated.
- Taxes, fees, inflation, currency effects, dividend cuts, and changing valuations can materially alter real outcomes.
- A modeled historical-style scenario is not a forecast of future total return.
Related research
Dividend reinvestment calculator · Historical company case studies · Total return · Dividend growth rate